nodeos v2.2 发布后，可以使用资源支付者功能来赞助交易的资源。要设置一个事务相关的资源单独付款人，一个添加resource_payer对象到您的交易指定payer，max_net_bytes，max_cpu_us，和max_memory_bytes。此功能需要RESOURCE_PAYER在链上启用协议功能。

此功能的典型用例是服务或应用程序为交易的资源而不是其用户付费。由于交易中的用户和付款人都需要授权，因此可能的工作流程是交易由用户的钱包应用程序签名，然后在发送到 nodeos 之前也由服务/应用程序签名。

{
    resource_payer: {
        payer: 'alice',
        max_net_bytes: 4096,
        max_cpu_us: 400,
        max_memory_bytes: 0
    },
    actions: [{
        account: 'eosio.token',
        name: 'transfer',
        authorization: [{
            actor: 'bob',
            permission: 'active',
        }, {
            actor: 'alice',
            permission: 'active',
        }],
        data: {
            from: 'bob',
            to: 'alice',
            quantity: '0.0001 SYS',
            memo: 'resource payer',
        },
    }]
}

问题

由于同步节点由dfuseeos本身管理和运行，因此从测试的角度来看，dfuseeos的稳定性会对同步节点产生影响。如何避免这种关联导致的异常退出？

./dfuseeos start
Starting dfuse for EOSIO with config file './dfuse.yaml' 
Launching applications: abicodec,apiproxy,blockmeta,booter,dashboard,dgraphql,eosq,eosws,merger,mindreader,relayer,search-archive,search-forkresolver,search-indexer,search-live,search-router,statedb,tokenmeta,trxdb-loader 
Your instance should be ready in a few seconds, here some relevant links:

  Dashboard:        http://localhost:8081

  Explorer & APIs:  http://localhost:8080
  GraphiQL:         http://localhost:8080/graphiql

instance stopped, attempting restore from source (operator/operator.go:154) {"source": "snapshot", "command": "nodeos --config-dir=./mindreader --data-dir=/home/surou/Documents/Test_Dfuse/eosio/eos/programs/dfuseeos/dfuse-data/mindreader/data --pause-on-startup"}
<4>warn  2021-01-21T02:43:51.432 nodeos    chain_plugin.cpp:1199         plugin_initialize    ] 13 St13runtime_error: "state" database dirty flag set (log_plugin/to_zap_log_plugin.go:107) 
command terminated with non-zero status (superviser/superviser.go:179) {"status": {"Cmd":"nodeos","PID":4049750,"Exit":2,"Error":{"Stderr":null},"StartTs":1611197031417829539,"StopTs":1611197031434658318,"Runtime":0.016828781,"Stdout":null,"Stderr":null}}
<3>error 2021-01-21T02:43:51.433 nodeos    main.cpp:153                  main                 ] database dirty flag set (likely due to unclean shutdown): replay required (log_plugin/to_zap_log_plugin.go:107) 
cannot find latest snapshot, will replay from blocks.log (superviser/snapshot.go:153) 
restarting node from snapshot, the restart will perform the actual snapshot restoration (operator/operator.go:393) 
Received termination signal, quitting 
Waiting for all apps termination... 
app trxdb-loader triggered clean shutdown 

解决方案

第一条建议是mindreader独立于其余堆栈运行。这将大大减少dfuse-eosio的异常退出（由于其他部分）而影响mindreader操作的可能性，这对于node-manager管理nodeos进程的应用程序也是如此。

下一步是通过拍摄快照和自动恢复来定义良好的恢复策略。即使没有为EOSIO设置dfuse，nodeos也存在不干净关机的风险，例如由于内存不足错误，服务器意外重启以及其他原因。

如果您还没有自动快照获取机制，则本部分中的建议是node-manager在侧面独立运行应用程序。它将包含链的数据和状态的另一个同步副本，也可以用于服务Nodeos RPC API。这个程序负责定期拍摄自动快照。

# Storage bucket with path prefix where state snapshots should be done. Ex: gs://example/snapshots
node-manager-snapshot-store-url: <storage location, local path or supported cloud provider bucket>
# Enables restore from the latest snapshot when `nodeos` is unable to start.
node-manager-auto-restore-source: snaphost
#  If non-zero, a snapshot will be taken every {auto-snapshot-modulo} block.
node-manager-auto-snapshot-modulo: 100000 # Decrease for network with heavier traffic to take snapshot more often and shrink time to catch up from latest snapshot to HEAD
# If non-zero, after a successful snapshot, older snapshots will be deleted to only keep that number of recent snapshots
node-manager-number-of-snapshots-to-keep: 5 # Uses 0 to keep them all, useful for eventually regenerating dfuse merged blocks in parallel (not very likely but possible) 

当这些快照存在时，您现在可以将mindreader应用程序配置为使用它们，以在无法启动该nodeos过程（也几乎可以通过快照还原解决）时自动使用它们进行还原，mindreader会在过去启动并赶上来。所需的添加设置为：

# Storage bucket where `node-manager` wrote its snapshot, must be shared with `mindreader` app.
mindreader-snapshot-store-url: <storage location, local path or supported cloud provider bucket>
# Enables restore from the latest snapshot when `nodeos` is unable to start.
mindreader-auto-restore-source: snaphost

一切都可以在同一台计算机上运行，​​并可以启动不同的进程。例如，它也可以被容器化以在Kubernetes中运行。

另一个选择是使用该mindreader-stdin应用程序。此应用程序与mindreader应用程序类似，但不管理nodeos流程。相反，它nodeos通过stdin管道消耗深层数据，调用看起来像nodes -c | dfuseeos start mindreader-stdin <flag or -c config.yaml file>（可能不是确切的调用，如果需要，可以将您链接到文档）。

转载自：https://github.com/dfuse-io/dfuse-eosio/issues/202

编译源代码

下载代码

git clone https://github.com/dfuse-io/dfuse-eosio

安装go

wget https://golang.org/dl/go1.15.6.linux-amd64.tar.gz
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin

检查go版本

go version

安装yarn

curl -sS https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian/pubkey.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian/ stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yarn.list

sudo apt update && sudo apt install yarn

GOPATH

由于最后编译安装用到了go install，所以需要确认下GOPATH已设置

go env

最终dfuseeos会生成在$GOPATH/bin,如果没设置，临时设置下

export GOPATH=/home/当前用户/go/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH

安装Go-bindata

go get -u github.com/jteeuwen/go-bindata/...

开始编译

./scripts/build.sh -f -y

安装dfuse定制版本的nodeos

wget https://github.com/dfuse-io/eos/releases/download/v2.0.8-dm-12.0/eosio_2.0.8-dm.12.0-1-ubuntu-18.04_amd64.deb
sudo apt install ./eosio_2.0.8-dm.12.0-1-ubuntu-18.04_amd64.deb

Depends: libicu60 but it is not installable

如果安装时提示此错误，先安装下依赖

echo "deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo apt update && sudo apt install libicu60

测试dfuseeos

初始化相关配置

./dfuseeos init

启动测试

./dfuseeos start

could not locate box "dashboard-build"

如果出现此错误，

问题

目前想存下相对于当前时间100年以后的时间，当输入的时间超过2106年后，就重新从1970来开始累加

问题跟进

合约中常用的时间类型为

time_point
time_point_sec

由于两个都是uint32_t（unsigned int）类型保存秒数，最大值是4294967295，
EOSIO时间戳使用的仍然是Unix时间戳，即从1970/1/1 0:0:0开始计算，所以可以表示到最大的时间为2106年
无法满足需求

解决方案

存储当前更新时间与结束时间的差值秒数作为存储数据

参考

https://bihu.com/article/1403575169

https://validate.eosnation.io/eos/reports/config.html