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合约内执行ERC20转账

 2021-08-31　  Surou　  阅读 　  Ethereum-新手教程　  0 评论

假设有个合约ERC20充值方法，方法接收msg.sender发送的ERC20代币，并增加合约中的余额统计

import "openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
...
function rechargeMain(address mainChainErc20Addr, uint256 amount) payable external notContract returns (bool){
    ...
    require(amount > 0, "The recharge amount is too small");
    require(IERC20(mainChainErc20Addr).balanceOf(msg.sender) >= amount, "Insufficient contract account balance");

    IERC20(mainChainErc20Addr).transfer(address(this), amount);
    ...
    return true;
}

执行后提示

execution reverted: ERC20: transfer amount exceeds balance

经测试（Github Code）

function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
    _transfer(_msgSender(), recipient, amount);
    return true;
}

_msgSender()的地址为合约地址，测试交易（跳转地址）

所以我们需要使用transferFrom，代码修改为

import "openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
...
function rechargeMain(address mainChainErc20Addr, uint256 amount) payable external notContract returns (bool){
    ...
    require(amount > 0, "The recharge amount is too small");
    require(IERC20(mainChainErc20Addr).balanceOf(msg.sender) >= amount, "Insufficient contract account balance");

    IERC20(mainChainErc20Addr).transferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), amount);
    ...
    return true;
}

执行完，提示

execution reverted: ERC20: transfer amount exceeds allowance

查看代码（Github code）

function transferFrom(
address sender,
 address recipient,
 uint256 amount
) public virtual override returns (bool) {
    _transfer(sender, recipient, amount);

    uint256 currentAllowance = _allowances[sender][_msgSender()];
    require(currentAllowance >= amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds allowance");
    unchecked {
        _approve(sender, _msgSender(), currentAllowance - amount);
    }

    return true;
}

需要先批准交易金额（津贴）（Github Code）

 function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
     _approve(_msgSender(), spender, amount);
     return true;
 }

查看当前剩余允许值，（Github Code）

function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
    return _allowances[owner][spender];
}

也可以执行increaseAllowance或decreaseAllowance增量增减调整

对于此次需求，执行rechargeMain前，需要先执行津贴充值

increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 addedValue)

执行increaseAllowance的地址为当前充值转出地址
spender为当前转入合约地址
addedValue为当前充值金额
测试交易：https://ropsten.etherscan.io/tx/0x0f65cb2a7ca2bf0d6b1fdd65e943afb5c6305573dc3c3a960c2f86f71757c897

openzeppelin ERC20合约的使用

 2021-08-27　  Surou　  阅读 　  Ethereum-优秀转载　  0 评论

推荐 ：https://wizard.openzeppelin.com/

basic erc20

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20 {␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") {}␊
}␊
`

erc20 with snapshots

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Snapshot.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20, ERC20Snapshot, Ownable {␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") {}␊
␊
    function snapshot() public onlyOwner {␊
        _snapshot();␊
    }␊
␊
    // The following functions are overrides required by Solidity.␊
␊
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        override(ERC20, ERC20Snapshot)␊
    {␊
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);␊
    }␊
}␊
`

erc20 burnable

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Burnable.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20, ERC20Burnable {␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") {}␊
}␊
`

erc20 burnable with snapshots

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Burnable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Snapshot.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20, ERC20Burnable, ERC20Snapshot, Ownable {␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") {}␊
␊
    function snapshot() public onlyOwner {␊
        _snapshot();␊
    }␊
␊
    // The following functions are overrides required by Solidity.␊
␊
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        override(ERC20, ERC20Snapshot)␊
    {␊
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);␊
    }␊
}␊
`

erc20 pausable

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/security/Pausable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20, Pausable, Ownable {␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") {}␊
␊
    function pause() public onlyOwner {␊
        _pause();␊
    }␊
␊
    function unpause() public onlyOwner {␊
        _unpause();␊
    }␊
␊
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        whenNotPaused␊
        override␊
    {␊
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);␊
    }␊
}␊
`

erc20 pausable with roles

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/security/Pausable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/AccessControl.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20, Pausable, AccessControl {␊
    bytes32 public constant PAUSER_ROLE = keccak256("PAUSER_ROLE");␊
␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") {␊
        _setupRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, msg.sender);␊
        _setupRole(PAUSER_ROLE, msg.sender);␊
    }␊
␊
    function pause() public onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE) {␊
        _pause();␊
    }␊
␊
    function unpause() public onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE) {␊
        _unpause();␊
    }␊
␊
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        whenNotPaused␊
        override␊
    {␊
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);␊
    }␊
}␊
`

erc20 burnable pausable

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Burnable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/security/Pausable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20, ERC20Burnable, Pausable, Ownable {␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") {}␊
␊
    function pause() public onlyOwner {␊
        _pause();␊
    }␊
␊
    function unpause() public onlyOwner {␊
        _unpause();␊
    }␊
␊
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        whenNotPaused␊
        override␊
    {␊
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);␊
    }␊
}␊
`

erc20 burnable pausable with snapshots

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Burnable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Snapshot.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/security/Pausable.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20, ERC20Burnable, ERC20Snapshot, Ownable, Pausable {␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") {}␊
␊
    function snapshot() public onlyOwner {␊
        _snapshot();␊
    }␊
␊
    function pause() public onlyOwner {␊
        _pause();␊
    }␊
␊
    function unpause() public onlyOwner {␊
        _unpause();␊
    }␊
␊
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        whenNotPaused␊
        override(ERC20, ERC20Snapshot)␊
    {␊
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);␊
    }␊
}␊
`

erc20 preminted

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20 {␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") {␊
        _mint(msg.sender, 1000 * 10 ** decimals());␊
    }␊
}␊
`

erc20 premint of 0

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20 {␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") {}␊
}␊
`

erc20 mintable

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20, Ownable {␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") {}␊
␊
    function mint(address to, uint256 amount) public onlyOwner {␊
        _mint(to, amount);␊
    }␊
}␊
`

erc20 mintable with roles

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/AccessControl.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20, AccessControl {␊
    bytes32 public constant MINTER_ROLE = keccak256("MINTER_ROLE");␊
␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") {␊
        _setupRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, msg.sender);␊
        _setupRole(MINTER_ROLE, msg.sender);␊
    }␊
␊
    function mint(address to, uint256 amount) public onlyRole(MINTER_ROLE) {␊
        _mint(to, amount);␊
    }␊
}␊
`

erc20 permit

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/draft-ERC20Permit.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20, ERC20Permit {␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") ERC20Permit("MyToken") {}␊
}␊
`

erc20 votes

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/draft-ERC20Permit.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Votes.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20, ERC20Permit, ERC20Votes {␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") ERC20Permit("MyToken") {}␊
␊
    // The following functions are overrides required by Solidity.␊
␊
    function _afterTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        override(ERC20, ERC20Votes)␊
    {␊
        super._afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);␊
    }␊
␊
    function _mint(address to, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        override(ERC20, ERC20Votes)␊
    {␊
        super._mint(to, amount);␊
    }␊
␊
    function _burn(address account, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        override(ERC20, ERC20Votes)␊
    {␊
        super._burn(account, amount);␊
    }␊
}␊
`

erc20 flashmint

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20FlashMint.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is ERC20, ERC20FlashMint {␊
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") {}␊
}␊
`

erc20 full upgradeable transparent

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/ERC20Upgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20BurnableUpgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20SnapshotUpgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/AccessControlUpgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/security/PausableUpgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/draft-ERC20PermitUpgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20VotesUpgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20FlashMintUpgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is Initializable, ERC20Upgradeable, ERC20BurnableUpgradeable, ERC20SnapshotUpgradeable, AccessControlUpgradeable, PausableUpgradeable, ERC20PermitUpgradeable, ERC20VotesUpgradeable, ERC20FlashMintUpgradeable {␊
    bytes32 public constant SNAPSHOT_ROLE = keccak256("SNAPSHOT_ROLE");␊
    bytes32 public constant PAUSER_ROLE = keccak256("PAUSER_ROLE");␊
    bytes32 public constant MINTER_ROLE = keccak256("MINTER_ROLE");␊
␊
    function initialize() initializer public {␊
        __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");␊
        __ERC20Burnable_init();␊
        __ERC20Snapshot_init();␊
        __AccessControl_init();␊
        __Pausable_init();␊
        __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");␊
        __ERC20FlashMint_init();␊
␊
        _setupRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, msg.sender);␊
        _setupRole(SNAPSHOT_ROLE, msg.sender);␊
        _setupRole(PAUSER_ROLE, msg.sender);␊
        _mint(msg.sender, 2000 * 10 ** decimals());␊
        _setupRole(MINTER_ROLE, msg.sender);␊
    }␊
␊
    function snapshot() public onlyRole(SNAPSHOT_ROLE) {␊
        _snapshot();␊
    }␊
␊
    function pause() public onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE) {␊
        _pause();␊
    }␊
␊
    function unpause() public onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE) {␊
        _unpause();␊
    }␊
␊
    function mint(address to, uint256 amount) public onlyRole(MINTER_ROLE) {␊
        _mint(to, amount);␊
    }␊
␊
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        whenNotPaused␊
        override(ERC20Upgradeable, ERC20SnapshotUpgradeable)␊
    {␊
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);␊
    }␊
␊
    // The following functions are overrides required by Solidity.␊
␊
    function _afterTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        override(ERC20Upgradeable, ERC20VotesUpgradeable)␊
    {␊
        super._afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);␊
    }␊
␊
    function _mint(address to, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        override(ERC20Upgradeable, ERC20VotesUpgradeable)␊
    {␊
        super._mint(to, amount);␊
    }␊
␊
    function _burn(address account, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        override(ERC20Upgradeable, ERC20VotesUpgradeable)␊
    {␊
        super._burn(account, amount);␊
    }␊
}␊
`

erc20 full upgradeable uups

Snapshot 1

`// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT␊
pragma solidity ^0.8.2;␊
␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/ERC20Upgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20BurnableUpgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20SnapshotUpgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/AccessControlUpgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/security/PausableUpgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/draft-ERC20PermitUpgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20VotesUpgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20FlashMintUpgradeable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";␊
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol";␊
␊
contract MyToken is Initializable, ERC20Upgradeable, ERC20BurnableUpgradeable, ERC20SnapshotUpgradeable, AccessControlUpgradeable, PausableUpgradeable, ERC20PermitUpgradeable, ERC20VotesUpgradeable, ERC20FlashMintUpgradeable, UUPSUpgradeable {␊
    bytes32 public constant SNAPSHOT_ROLE = keccak256("SNAPSHOT_ROLE");␊
    bytes32 public constant PAUSER_ROLE = keccak256("PAUSER_ROLE");␊
    bytes32 public constant MINTER_ROLE = keccak256("MINTER_ROLE");␊
    bytes32 public constant UPGRADER_ROLE = keccak256("UPGRADER_ROLE");␊
␊
    function initialize() initializer public {␊
        __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");␊
        __ERC20Burnable_init();␊
        __ERC20Snapshot_init();␊
        __AccessControl_init();␊
        __Pausable_init();␊
        __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");␊
        __ERC20FlashMint_init();␊
        __UUPSUpgradeable_init();␊
␊
        _setupRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, msg.sender);␊
        _setupRole(SNAPSHOT_ROLE, msg.sender);␊
        _setupRole(PAUSER_ROLE, msg.sender);␊
        _mint(msg.sender, 2000 * 10 ** decimals());␊
        _setupRole(MINTER_ROLE, msg.sender);␊
        _setupRole(UPGRADER_ROLE, msg.sender);␊
    }␊
␊
    function snapshot() public onlyRole(SNAPSHOT_ROLE) {␊
        _snapshot();␊
    }␊
␊
    function pause() public onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE) {␊
        _pause();␊
    }␊
␊
    function unpause() public onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE) {␊
        _unpause();␊
    }␊
␊
    function mint(address to, uint256 amount) public onlyRole(MINTER_ROLE) {␊
        _mint(to, amount);␊
    }␊
␊
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        whenNotPaused␊
        override(ERC20Upgradeable, ERC20SnapshotUpgradeable)␊
    {␊
        super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);␊
    }␊
␊
    function _authorizeUpgrade(address newImplementation)␊
        internal␊
        onlyRole(UPGRADER_ROLE)␊
        override␊
    {}␊
␊
    // The following functions are overrides required by Solidity.␊
␊
    function _afterTokenTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        override(ERC20Upgradeable, ERC20VotesUpgradeable)␊
    {␊
        super._afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);␊
    }␊
␊
    function _mint(address to, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        override(ERC20Upgradeable, ERC20VotesUpgradeable)␊
    {␊
        super._mint(to, amount);␊
    }␊
␊
    function _burn(address account, uint256 amount)␊
        internal␊
        override(ERC20Upgradeable, ERC20VotesUpgradeable)␊
    {␊
        super._burn(account, amount);␊
    }␊
}␊
`

转载自：https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/contracts-wizard/blob/0dbf5d669adcdb8e801fbb67a269fc7931613d66/packages/core/src/erc20.test.ts.md

安装solc指定版本

 2021-08-25　  Surou　  阅读 　  Ethereum-新手教程　  0 评论 
pip3 install solc-select
solc-select install 版本

以太坊交易中的Txn Type由来

 2021-08-25　  Surou　  阅读 　  Ethereum-新手教程　  0 评论

测试交易

>>> web3.eth.send_transaction({
  'to': '0xd3CdA913deB6f67967B99D67aCDFa1712C293601',
  'from': web3.eth.coinbase,
  'value': 12345,
  'gas': 21000,
  'maxFeePerGas': web3.toWei(250, 'gwei'),
  'maxPriorityFeePerGas': web3.toWei(2, 'gwei'),
})

测试查询

https://goerli.etherscan.io/tx/0x4a14aa0f0b18a8c7aa5677fdd057ffdb77791497d849da164ad42574ce778e5f
显示为

Txn Type: 2 (EIP-1559)

查看交易体

curl https://goerli.infura.io/v3/87aba2e668f9410498cdf74bc7a35467 -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getTransactionByHash","params":["0x4a14aa0f0b18a8c7aa5677fdd057ffdb77791497d849da164ad42574ce778e5f"],"id":1}' | jq

返回

{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "id": 1,
    "result": {
        "accessList": [],
        "blockHash": "0x5114398c54853f6ad6df7002ff88fad8f95c4ea74a32048275e72795e9381050",
        "blockNumber": "0x51a84c",
        "chainId": "0x5",
        "from": "0x10210572d6b4924af7ef946136295e9b209e1fa0",
        "gas": "0x5208",
        "gasPrice": "0xad731380",
        "hash": "0x4a14aa0f0b18a8c7aa5677fdd057ffdb77791497d849da164ad42574ce778e5f",
        "input": "0x",
        "maxFeePerGas": "0xad731384",
        "maxPriorityFeePerGas": "0xad731379",
        "nonce": "0xf9",
        "r": "0x86e133483aff5415fffc73b30b9c781438655362fe070160d1baf5c6dd4a7b43",
        "s": "0x1241e3560cb2e2354168adfe25f3a6c361694b422ff92bc9eebc124403be846e",
        "to": "0x48f155527f25eb1d4cb2aa32b7e84692aa0025c0",
        "transactionIndex": "0xb",
        "type": "0x2",
        "v": "0x1",
        "value": "0x8ac7230489e80000"
    }
}

链上交易体中存在type字段

跟踪type加入时机

拿web3.py sdk举例

https://github.com/ethereum/web3.py/blob/810b5904466896143315d68352cdc1add93fea1a/web3/_utils/transactions.py#L42
https://github.com/ethereum/web3.py/blob/810b5904466896143315d68352cdc1add93fea1a/web3/_utils/transactions.py#L108

def fill_transaction_defaults(web3: "Web3", transaction: TxParams) -> TxParams:
    """
    if web3 is None, fill as much as possible while offline
    """
    defaults = {}
    for key, default_getter in TRANSACTION_DEFAULTS.items():
        if key not in transaction:
            if key == 'gasPrice' and any(_ in transaction for _ in (
                'maxFeePerGas', 'maxPriorityFeePerGas'
            )):  # if EIP-1559 params in transaction, do not set a default gasPrice if missing
                continue

            if callable(default_getter):
                if web3 is not None:
                    default_val = default_getter(web3, transaction)
                else:
                    raise ValueError("You must specify %s in the transaction" % key)

            else:
                default_val = default_getter
            defaults[key] = default_val

    if 'type' not in transaction and any(_ in transaction for _ in (
        'maxFeePerGas', 'maxPriorityFeePerGas'
    )):
        # default transaction type to '2' if 1559 transaction params are present
        defaults['type'] = '0x2'

    return merge(defaults, transaction)

可以看到当参数中包含maxFeePerGas, maxPriorityFeePerGas任一字段时，则认为是['type'] = '0x2'

结论

交易中的type字段由相应的sdk根据参数规则，自动填充

ZKP（Zero-Knowledge Proofs）技术调研

 2021-08-25　  Surou　  阅读 　  OtherChain-新手教程　  0 评论

在之前《隐私/匿名币》中说过Zcash 首次运用 zk-SNARKs 零知识证明技术验证交易有效性，原来的计划是先把基于以太坊的侧链开发完成，再做ZKP（Zero-Knowledge Proofs）的技术跟进，以解决匿名交易以及增强TPS扩容方案（交易指纹上链，交易数据链下存储）。

今天先做一些技术调研和储备，方便后续技术评估时的一些技术方向的把控

技术相关

《什么是 zk-SNARK？》
《零知识证明：STARKs 与 SNARKs》
《zk-SNARKs 介绍（零知识证明概述以及如何将 zk-SNARK 集成到以太坊中）》
https://zokrates.github.io/
https://docs.ethhub.io/ethereum-roadmap/privacy/
https://starkware.co/
https://docs.ethhub.io/built-on-ethereum/infrastructure/aztec-protocol/
https://scrt.network/blog/introducing-secret-network
https://ethresear.ch/t/zether-the-first-privacy-mechanism-designed-for-ethereum/5029
https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/49781/can-zksnarks-be-implemented-on-the-ethereum-ecosystem
https://github.com/starkware-libs/
https://hackmd.io/@zkteam/gnark
https://docs.gnark.consensys.net/en/latest/

开源代码

https://github.com/zkcrypto/bellman/
https://github.com/matter-labs/bellman
https://github.com/zcash/librustzcash (Groth16)
https://github.com/zcash/mpc
https://github.com/scipr-lab/libsnark
https://github.com/Zokrates/ZoKrates
https://github.com/AztecProtocol
https://github.com/arnaucube/go-snark-study
https://github.com/vocdoni/go-snark
https://github.com/ConsenSys/gnark (Groth16, PlonK)
https://github.com/ConsenSys/gnark-crypto
https://github.com/nikkolasg/playsnark （Groth16, PHGR13）
https://github.com/ConsenSys/quorum

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